The basic wind speed is a key parameter in the wind resistance design of structures. The values of the basic wind speed have great influence to the safety and economy of the structure design. There are many similarities in topography and climate characteristics between Taiwan and Fujian which are located in both sides of the Taiwan Strait. Meanwhile, both of them are affected by typhoon and subtropical monsoon climate, but the basic wind speed values between them have great difference. In order to determine a reasonable basic wind speed value of both sides of the Taiwan Strait, comparative study of extreme and basic wind speed under different climate conditions are carried out in this paper. In the research, the measured wind speed data are obtained from a meteorological station in Taipei during 1961 to 2015. The extreme and basic wind speed are estimated trough Gumbel distribution which adopted by GB50009 and TB2015 standards. The annual maximum wind speed sampling method and typhoon wind speed sampling method correspond to mixed and typhoon climate conditions, respectively. The results shown that, for the identical wind speed observation data, the extreme wind speed obtained by TB2015 is slightly less than that obtained by GB50009, on the contrary, the basic wind speed is just opposite, but the estimated wind speed difference between the two standards is very small. The extreme/basic wind speed under typhoon climate is larger than the corresponding value under mixed climate. If the measured extreme/basic wind speed are set as criterion, the estimated wind speed under typhoon climate condition are the best, and the errors are all less than 0.5%. In both sides of the Taiwan Strait, the estimated wind speed under typhoon climate condition is suggested to adopt as the basic wind speed.