Based on the nonlinear finite element software ANSYS / LS-DYNA, a numerical model of prestressed reinforced concrete T-beams, explosives and fragments is established, and its dynamic response and damage when subjected to shock wave-fracture composite effects are explored. The effectiveness of the research method Tested and verified. The similarities and differences of damage and displacement responses of T-beams under the action of shock wave and fragment group and their combined effects are analyzed. Using parametric analysis methods, the effects of tensile control stress, longitudinal reinforcement ratio, non-encrusted area stirrup reinforcement ratio, concrete com-pressive strength, explosive proportional distance, and burst position on T-beam damage effects were studied. The results show that with the increase of tensile control stress, longitudinal reinforcement ratio and non-densified zone reinforcement ratio, the anti-explosion performance of T-beams appears nonlinear; the compressive strength of con-crete has no obvious effect in enhancing the anti-blast performance of T-beams; when the proportional distance is the same, the damage effect of the explosive on the beam is more prominent than the distance from the center of the ex-plosion to the beam surface. The greater the quality of the explosive, the more serious the damage of the T-beam; The peak value of the displacement of the mid-span bridge across the upper point increases approximately uniformly from the side close to the blast center to the side away from the blast center; the smaller the distance the blast center is from the center point, the greater the dynamic response of the beam's mid-bottom surface displacement.