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城际动车组永磁直驱转向架区域积雪仿真研究
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Simulation Study of Snow Accumulation on Permanent Magnet Direct-drive Bogies Region for Intercity EMU
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    摘要:

    为了探究城际动车组永磁直驱转向架区域的积雪结冰问题,基于某城际动车组全尺寸三车模型,采用Realizable k-ε湍流模型的非定常雷诺时均方法(unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes, URANS)和离散相模型(discrete phase model, DPM), 在环境温度-30 ℃及动车运营速度160 km/h的仿真条件下, 分别研究了永磁直驱转向架区域与普通转向架区域的风雪运动特性. 研究结果表明:永磁直驱转向架与普通转向架相比, 转向架区域流场结构复杂度低, 气流流动较为顺畅, 虽然转向架积雪较多, 但去除电机部分积雪后, 总的积雪质量减少了23.83%, 制动夹钳总的积雪质量比普通转向架模型减少了78.368%. 可见, 在永磁直驱转向架中, 大部分积雪附着在永磁直驱电机的表面, 而其他部位, 尤其是制动夹钳表面的积雪较少. 考虑到电机在运行过程中会发热, 这种热效应能够融化表面积雪, 使得电机表面的积雪量减少. 基于这些特点, 采用直驱形式的城际动车组转向架在解决积雪和结冰问题上展现出明显的优势.

    Abstract:

    To investigate the issue of snow accumulation and icing in the region of the permanent magnet direct-drive (PMD) bogie of an intercity EMU (electric multiple unit), this study employs a full-scale three-car model of a specific intercity EMU. Using the Realizable k-ε turbulence model with the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) method and the discrete phase model (DPM), the snow and wind movement characteristics in the PMD bogie region and the conventional bogie region were simulated under conditions of -30 ℃ ambient temperature and an operating speed of 160 km/h. The research results show that, compared to the conventional bogie, the PMD bogie exhibits a less complex flow field structure with smoother airflow. Although the total snow accumulation in the PMD bogie region is higher, after accounting for the snow adhered to the motor, the overall snow accumulation is reduced by 23.83%, and the snow accumulation on the brake calipers is reduced by 78.368%. Thus, it can be concluded that a significant portion of the snow in the PMD bogie area adheres to the surface of the permanent magnet direct-drive motor, with relatively little snow accumulation on other components, especially the brake calipers. Considering that the heat generated by the motor during operation can melt the snow on its surface, the snow accumulations on the motor surface. Based on these properties, the direct-drive configuration of the intercity EMU bogie offers a notable advantage in mitigating snow accumulation and icing issues.

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姜琛 ?,何龙凤 ,李岩松 ,龙金兰 ,王家斌 ,刘明杨 .城际动车组永磁直驱转向架区域积雪仿真研究[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2025,52(6):1~13

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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-07-02
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