Traditional consolidation theory mostly based on small-strain assumption is not suitable for soft clay consolidation with large strain. Herein， a one-dimensional nonlinear large-strain consolidation model of soft soils considering non-Darcy flow and arbitrary loads was established based on the double logarithmic permeability compression model to predict the consolidation settlement of large-strain soft soil. The numerical solution to the consolidation equation was derived using the finite difference method. The reliability of this numerical solution was verified through comparison with analytical solutions and laboratory experiments. Based on the solutions， this study analyzes the impact of compression index （Ic）， permeation model parameter （α）， non-Darcy parameters （m， i1）， loading duration， and arbitrary load on soil consolidation settlement. The results indicate that under any arbitrary load， the greater Ic and α result in a smaller average degree of consolidation and the slower dissipation of excess pore water pressure， although the final settlement of soft soil consolidation settlement is only related to the size of the Ic； the greater non-Darcy parameters m and i1 results in the longer time needed to reach the final settlement value during the consolidation settlement process of the soft soil layer， which means that at the same moment in the consolidation process， the settlement of the soil layer is small. As the duration of the construction load and exponential load increases， the settlement rate of the soil layer slows down， while increasing the load cycle of the cyclic load speeds up the rate of soil layer settlement. In addition， compared to other loads， the behavior of soft soil consolidation under cyclic loading shows an obvious periodicity. These findings further enrich the theory of one-dimensional large strain consolidation for soft soil foundations， providing theoretical support for the construction of such grounds.