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微生物清防蜡技术研究及应用
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Research and Application of Microbial Paraffin-removal Technology
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    利用从大庆含蜡原油中分离、纯化得到的微生物清防蜡菌种和高产表活剂菌种,经鉴定清防蜡菌种和高产表活剂菌种均为芽孢杆菌属.以菌种对固体石蜡的降解率为指标,按照不同的比例将清防蜡菌种和高产表活剂菌种混合接种.当清防蜡菌种与高产表活剂菌种的复配比例是5∶3时,培养7 d后,清蜡率达到59%,防蜡率达到57.4%,原油粘度降粘率为44.7%,原油凝固点降低了3.4 ℃,培养液表面张力降低46.5%.采用微生物清防蜡技术对大庆外围榆树林油田的3口井进行现场试验,井12-36日产油增长41.2%,洗井周期由40 d延长至149 d,减少洗井次数4次;井13-39日产油增长33.3%,洗井周期由45 d延长至158 d,减少洗井次数5次;井14-43日产油增长37.5%,洗井周期由30 d延长至122 d,减少洗井次数5次.

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    Microorganisms were obtained by means of separation and purification experiments from waxy oil production wells in Daqing Oilfield. The paraffin-degrading strain and the biosurfactant-producing strain were identified as Bacillus sp.. As the indicator of the paraffin degradation rate, the paraffin-degrading strain and biosurfactant-producing strain were added in different proportions. When the optimum proportion was 5∶3, the paraffin degradation rate could reach 59%, the paraffin prevention rate could reach 57.4%, the reduction rate of oil viscosity was 44.7%, the oil freezing point reduced by 3.4 ℃, and the reduction rate of culture surface tension was 46.5% after 7 days. Microbial paraffin-removal technology was used for paraffin removal in Wells 12-36, 13-39 and 14-43 in Yushulin Zone Daqing Oilfield. The results indicated that the daily crude oil increased by 41.2%, hot washing cycles prolonged from 40 d to 149d and washing numbers reduced by 4 times in Well 12-36, the daily crude oil increased by 33.3%, hot washing cycles prolonged from 45 d to 158 d and hot washing numbers reduced by 5 times in Well 13-39, the daily crude oil increased by 37.5%, hot washing cycles prolonged from 30d to 122 d and hot washing numbers reduced by 5 times in Well 14-43.

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刘江红,贾云鹏,徐瑞丹,陈逸桐,王鉴.微生物清防蜡技术研究及应用[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2013,40(5):82~85

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