Soil erosion is one of the major environmental problems affecting people's survival, and the exploration of the effect of land use type on soil labile organic carbon is of significance to regional soil environment protection under the condition of soil erosion. A typical area of red soil hilly region was selected as the research site. Integrating outdoor sampling with indoor analysis, this paper studied the effect of land use type of red soil hilly region on distribution of soil labile organic carbon properties under the condition of soil erosion. The result has shown 1) land use type affects the labile organic carbon of the surface soil. There is a significant difference in the content of labile organic carbon in the 0-5 cm soil layer, but it is almost the same in the sub-layers; 2) Land use type has a great impact on the content of labile organic carbon in different poisitions of eroded land and the difference of labile organic carbon content in erosion area is higher than in deposition area; and, 3) the vertical distributions of soil labile organic carbon are basically the same among the different land use types, and the difference in surface is big, and increasingly small with the increase of soil depth.