A novel thermoelectric heat pump air heater using thermoelectric heat pump for heating was formulated, and a simulation model of the device based on thermodynamics was set up to simulate the performance of the air heater. The influence of the operating voltage and the cold and hot side resistance on the heater was analyzed. The simulation results have shown that the optimum operation voltage is 5.0V. The reduction of cold and hot side resistance can improve the performance of the heater. Exhaust heat recovery helps to decrease the temperature difference between the cold side and the heat side, which can improve the systematic performance. The coefficient of performance can reach as high as 2.9. The device is more energy-efficient compared with traditional electric heater, whose coefficient of performance is only about 0.9.