Iron-carbon microelectrolysis with Fenton process was used to pretreat the mature landfill leachate and to enhance its biodegradability.The factors, such as initial pH, iron-carbon concentration, the mass ratio of iron to carbon, dosage of H2O2 and reaction time were investigated. Under the optimal conditions of initial pH of 3, iron-carbon concentration of 52 g/L, iron to carbon mass ratio of 3, H2O2 dosage of 12ml/L, the removal efficiency of COD reached 75% after a reaction time of 1 h. The ratio of BOD5 to COD also increased from 0.075 to 0.250, which suggested that iron-carbon microelectrolysis with Fenton process could significantly improve the biodegradability of landfill leachate, compared with the single iron-carbon microelectrolysis or Fenton process.