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类方柱的气动性能和流场特性
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Aerodynamic Performance and Flow Feature of Square Cylinders with Cross-section Modification
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    以优化方柱气动外形为目的,采用大涡模拟方法,在雷诺数为22 000时,研究了采用不同角、边平面形态及其组合(包括尖角、圆角、直边、凸边和凹边等组合)的类方柱的气动性能和流场特性,重点分析了凸边圆角柱的气动性能随边部曲率半径的变化规律,并通过分析流场结构揭示了平面形态修正对类方柱气动性能影响的作用机理. 研究发现,角、边形状修正可显著改变绕流场结构,最终影响类方柱的气动性能:尖角柱体圆角化、直边柱体凸边化能显著降低气动力、负压区强度和涡脱强度,并伴随斯托罗哈数上升;而直边柱体凹边化后气动性能变化趋势相反;不同角边形状的组合中,凸边和圆角的组合可导致分离剪切层更紧贴柱体壁面,上、下侧回流区范围变小,尾流回流区长度增大,涡脱强度减弱,气动力下降. 对凸边圆角柱的进一步研究表明,柱体的气动性能对边部曲率半径非常敏感;并存在一最优曲率半径,此时凸边圆角柱的平均和脉动气动力最小,斯托罗哈数最大,尾流长度最长,涡脱强度最低.

    Abstract:

    To optimize the shape of square cylinder, Large-eddy Simulation is applied in the study of flow past square cylinders at a high Reynolds Number Re of 22 000. The cylinders have various combinations of sharp/round corners and flat/concave/bulging edges. Particularly,the aerodynamic characteristics of cylinders with a combination of round corners and bulge edges are studied with the changing curvature radius of the edge. Besides, the flow patterns are discussed in detail to reveal the mechanism of aerodynamic optimization. The results show that corner and side modifications can significantly alter the structure of flow around cylinders and influence the aerodynamic performance of cylinders. In comparison to the concave modification, the round modification and bulge modification can reduce the aerodynamic forces, overall surface pressures and vortex shedding intensity of cylinders considerably. Among cylinders with various combinations of shape modifications, the cylinder with rounded corner and bulge edge leads to a thinner shear layer and a smaller recirculation region at the upper and lower sides of cylinder. Besides,it also causes a longer wake length, a weaker vortex shedding and reduces the aerodynamic forces. A further research shows that the aerodynamics of the round-bulge cylinder is extremely sensitive to the curvature radius of the edge. There exists an optimal curvature radius, which results in the lowest aerodynamic forces,the highest Strouhal number, the longest length of the recirculation region, and the weakest vortex shedding intensity.

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杜晓庆?覮,刘延泰,董浩天,施定军.类方柱的气动性能和流场特性[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2020,47(5):88~98

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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-05-29
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