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线控四轮转向汽车平行泊车路径规划与跟踪控制
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Parallel Parking Path Planning and Tracking Control for Wire-four-wheel Steering Vehicle
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    摘要:

    针对线控四轮转向汽车平行泊车路径规划与跟踪控制问题,提出一种基于改进粒子群优化算法的平行泊车路径规划方法和一种基于前馈控制和反馈控制的平行泊车路径跟踪控制策略. 首先,综合考虑线控四轮转向汽车运动学非完整约束、动力和转向子系统的过程约束和边界约束、避障约束、泊车初始位姿和目标位姿约束,建立以最小化泊车过程总时长为目标的平行泊车路径规划约束最优化问题,并采用可以处理等式约束和不等式约束的粒子群优化算法对其进行求解,得到最优平行泊车路径. 随后,利用平行泊车路径规划过程得到的车轮转向角作为前馈控制量,并利用汽车实际位姿与期望位姿的偏差构建PI反馈控制量,实现对规划的平行泊车路径快速、精确和稳定的跟踪控制. 最后,利用车辆动力学仿真软件构建模型在环仿真系统,验证所提出方法的可行性和有效性. 结果表明:所提出的方法可以快速、精确和稳定地引导线控四轮转向汽车自动完成平行泊车任务.

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the parallel parking path planning and tracking control problem for the wire-four-wheel steering vehicle,a novel parallel parking path planning method is proposed based on the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm,and a novel parallel parking path tracking control strategy is proposed based on feedforward and feedback control architecture. Firstly,considering the kinematic non-holonomic constraint of the wire-four-wheel steering vehicle,the process and boundary constraints of the power and steering sub-systems,the obstacle avoidance constraint,the initial parking pose constraint and the target pose constraint,a parallel parking path planning constraint optimization problem with minimizing the parking time is established,and the particle swarm optimization,which can deal with the equality and inequality constraints,is adopted to solve the constraint optimization problem. In order to execute the planned parking path,the desired wheel steering angle is used as the feedforward control quantity,and the PI feedback control quantity is constructed based on the deviation between the actual pose and the expected pose of the vehicle. Finally,the model-in-the-loop simulation system is built based on vehicle dynamics simulation software to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method,and the simulation results show that the proposed method can guide the wire-four-wheel steering vehicle to complete the parallel parking task quickly,accurately and stably.

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张家旭,卜纯研,王晨,赵健.线控四轮转向汽车平行泊车路径规划与跟踪控制[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2021,48(8):44~50

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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-09-06
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