To study the tensile mechanical properties of basalt textile reinforced highly ductile concrete （TR-HDC）， 36 sets of TR-HDC dog-bone tensile specimens were designed and manufactured. The effects of the textile reinforcing ratio， PVA short fiber content， matrix type and mesh spacing （5mm， 10mm） on the tensile mechanical properties of TR-HDC were studied through uniaxial tensile tests. The research results showed that with the increase of the textile reinforcing ratio， the tensile strength of the TR-HDC specimens were significantly improved， and the multi-cracking characteristics were obvious. The adding of PVA short fiber effectively improved the interface property between textile and matrix， which prevented the stripping of base， reducing the slip between textile and matrix. Thus， the strength utilization rate of textile were improved. As the mesh spacing increased， the PVA short fiber can easily pass through the mesh and fully contact with the fiber bundle. This effect increased mechanical anchorage between textile and matrix， thus contributing to the improvement the strength utilization rate of the textile. The change of fly ash admixture in the matrix had little effect on the tensile strength of TR-HDC specimens， while the specimens with more fly ash content showed larger strain and smaller crack spacing. Based on regression analysis of the test results， the simplified TR-HDC uniaxial tensile strength calculation model is proposed by considering the coupling effect of PVA short fiber content and textile reinforcing ratio.