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考虑驾驶员不满度的车辆自主换道纵横向控制
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Autonomous Lane-change Vertical and Horizontal Control for Vehicle Considering Driver Dissatisfaction
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    摘要:

    针对高速公路自主换道场景,开展考虑驾驶员不满度换道决策和轨迹跟踪控制的辅助驾驶功能研究. 首先,在换道决策中考虑驾驶员心理因素,建立基于驾驶员不满度和最小安全距离的换道决策模型. 然后,基于跟踪误差模型建立横向线性二次调节器(Linear Quadratic Regulator,LQR)控制器,得到最优反馈前轮转角. 由于存在权重矩阵Q和R需要反复调试的问题,提出基于遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm, GA)的横向LQR控制器,获得最优的权重矩阵Q和R,提升算法的鲁棒性. 同时建立纵向LQR控制器保持期望车速. 利用PreScan、MATLAB/Simulink和CarSim联合仿真平台对自主换道策略进行验证,在不同固定车速换道工况下验证横向LQR控制器的鲁棒性和可靠性. 在换道安全性不满足工况下,期望车速能够被纵向LQR控制器稳定跟随,最大车速误差绝对值为0.69 km/h. 比较了LQR控制器和GA+LQR控制器的横向控制性能,采用GA+LQR控制器使横向和航向跟踪精度分别提升了66.7%和27%. 结果证实纵向LQR控制器和优化后的横向LQR控制器在不同换道工况下均具有良好的跟踪精度.

    Abstract:

    Research on assisted driving functions of lane-change decision-making and trajectory tracking control considering driver dissatisfaction is carried out for autonomous lane-change scenarios on highways. First, the psychological factors of drivers were taken into account in lane-change decision-making, and a lane-change decision-making model based on driver dissatisfaction and minimum safe distance was established. Then, a lateral Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controller was established based on the tracking error model to obtain the optimal feedback front wheel steering angle. Due to the problem that the weight matrices Q and R needed to be debugged repeatedly, a lateral LQR controller based on the Genetic Algorithm (GA) was proposed to obtain the optimal weight matrices Q and R, which in turn improves the robustness of the algorithm. The longitudinal LQR controller was also established to maintain the desired vehicle speed. Autonomous lane-change technology was validated using PreScan,MATLAB/Simulink and CarSim simulation platforms, and the robustness and reliability of the lateral LQR controller were verified under different fixed-speed lane-changing conditions. Under the condition of unsatisfied lane-change safety, the variable desired speed could be followed stably by the longitudinal LQR controller with a absolute value of maximum speed error of 0.69 km/h. Further comparing the lateral control performances of the LQR controller and GA+LQR controller, the lateral and heading tracking accuracies were improved by 66.7% and 27%, respectively, using the GA+LQR controller. The results confirm that the longitudinal LQR controller and the optimized GA+LQR controller have good tracking accuracies under different lane-change conditions.

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郭烈 ?,卫立任 ,关龙新 ,谭镇宇 .考虑驾驶员不满度的车辆自主换道纵横向控制[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2024,51(10):47~57

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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-11-01
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