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台风气候下低矮建筑屋面实测风压的分形特征
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Fractal Characteristics of Measured Wind Pressures on Roof Surface of Low-rise Buildings under Typhoon Climate
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    摘要:

    在中国东南沿海地区,台风造成的损失主要是由于低矮建筑的破坏,台风期间屋面风压的特性具有重要的工程价值. 基于物理学的分形理论,对风压脉冲信号的分形特征展开研究. 依托同济大学浦东实测基地,以2011年台风“梅花”期间低矮双坡实测房屋面风压数据和近地面风速数据为样本,采用盒子计数法估计风压时程序列的分形维数. 论证了分形维数值和风压脉动强弱的正相关性. 分析了屋盖全区域的分形特征以及屋盖坡角和来流方向等对分形特征的影响. 结果表明,台风气候下屋面风压是反持久性时间序列,全屋面区域测点风压分形维数的平均值是1.700. 建筑坡角和来流方向对屋面风压的分形特征影响较大,分形维数的峰值出现在远离来流的向风面山墙区域,局部低值出现在屋脊的中心区域. 对分形特征和非高斯性的相关性进行了分析,分形维数与峰度系数之间负相关性较强,在0°坡角下二者负相关系数为-0.509.

    Abstract:

    The loss of life and property caused by typhoons in the southeastern coastal regions of China is mainly attributed to the destruction of low-rise buildings. Therefore, analyzing the wind pressure characteristics on the roof surface under strong winds is of practical value in wind engineering. Based on the fractal theory of physics, this study conducts the fractal analysis of wind pressure pulse signals. The wind pressure and referenced wind velocity data were collected during Typhoon “Muifa” in 2011 from the Pudong experimental base of Tongji University. In the fractal analysis, the box-counting method was used to estimate the fractal dimension value for each wind pressure sample. In the result section, an example is given to demonstrate the positive correlation between fractal dimension values and the fluctuation strength of wind pressure. Then, the fractal characteristics of wind pressures on the entire roof region and the influence of roof pitches and inflow directions on the fractal dimension were investigated. Firstly, the results indicate that the wind pressures under typhoon climate are anti-persistent time series, and the mean fractal dimension for wind pressures on the entire roof region is 1.700. Secondly, the roof pitch and inflow direction affect the fractal characteristics significantly. Thirdly, the peak region of the fractal dimension appears in the area far away from the incoming flow and close to the mountain wall, while local low values occur in the central area of the roof ridge. An analysis is carried out on the correlation between the fractal characteristics and the Non-Gaussian features. The negative correlation between fractal dimension and kurtosis coefficient is strong, with a negative correlation coefficient of -0.509 under case A-00.

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崔炳唱 ,黄鹏 ?.台风气候下低矮建筑屋面实测风压的分形特征[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2025,52(3):94~102

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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-03-31
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