Samples of TSP were collected in the center area of Changsha City in autumn in order to study the concentration of TSP and the speciation of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd in atmospheric particles, also the pollution level and bioavailability of these metals were evaluated. The results showed that the concentrations of TSP in different sampling sites were obviously different and heavy metals pollution had extensively existence. The concentrations of Zn,Pb were larger than those of Cu and Cd，with the average concentration of Zn being 2.528 μg?m-3, Pb 2.347 μg?m-3, Cu 0.187 μg?m-3 and Cd 0.002 μg?m-3.According to the results of Tessier chemical speciation analysis, Cu had a very high concentration in the first four speciations ,especially in the exchangeable state and carbonate state. Also Zn, Pb, and Cd had the similar distribution, which indicates the four metals have high mobility and bioavailability. The order of comparative mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals is: Cu＞Cd＞Zn＞Pb.