In order to study the cracks of multi-story masonry buildings, according to the simple similarity principle of model test, a 1:4 scale six-story H-type small-sized hollow concrete block masonry model was constructed, which arranged a constructional column-beam system in each story. By carrying out the test under vertical load and imitating the load difference between the bearing wall and non-bearing walls, the deformation and cracking behaviors in multi-story masonry buildings were investigated. The test indicated that the compression deformation increased with the increase of the vertical load. The vertical load resulted in different deformation between the bearing wall and non-bearing walls, which led to cracking on the bearing wall near non-bearing walls. Besides, the vertical deformation at the central section of the bearing wall exceeded those at the intersection between the bearing wall and non-bearing wall. Due to the increase of the tensile stress of the bearing wall, cracks occurred at the top section of non-bearing walls near the bearing wall's ends. With the increase of vertical load, the previous cracks enlarged and developed along with new cracks. The constructional column-beam system restricted the differential vertical deformation effectively.