Based on the sample data of China from 1960 to 2008, this paper used Toda-Yamamoto test program to carry out quantitative research on China's energy consumption, carbon emission and economic growth in the causal relationship between the three. The results show that economic growth and energy consumption are the cause of CO2 emission Granger causality. It means that economic growth and the increase in energy consumption will lead to increased CO2 emissions, and vice versa. Energy consumption and economic growth have two-way Granger causality. The results show that China's energy consumption and the corresponding carbon dioxide emission in the coming decades will continue to grow. Therefore, China should actively formulate and implement policies to reduce carbon dioxide emission.