Earth pressure measured with earth pressure cells often deviates from actual earth pressure. Earth pressure cells measurement experiments were conducted to the underconsolidated and overconsolidated soils. The experimental results show that, for underconsolidated soil, the matching coefficient is slightly greater than 1. With the increase of earth pressure, the modulus of compressibility of soil aggrandizes, and the matching coefficient decreases correspondingly. For overconsolidated soil, due to unloading, a gap between the earth pressure cell sensing plate and the soil is generated, and when the soil is reloaded, the matching coefficient is less than 1 and increases until to 1 or greater than 1 with the increase of loads and the diminution and disappearance of the gap. However, the matching coefficient decreases again if the earth pressure exceeds preconsolidation pressure. Earth pressure correction methods concerning underconsolidated soil and overconsolidated soil were proposed respectively. The corrected results conform to theoretical calculations when the presented methods were applied to the vertical earth pressure measurement correction of earth retaining walls.