Through the tests of new horizontal-hole hollow concrete block and masonry on compressive strength when the concrete compressive strength grade is between C25~C45, the compressive strength relationships were studied among the concrete, block and masonry. The experiment results show that the ratio of the crack load to the break load of the block and masonry is 84%~90% and 80%~94% respectively; the compressive strength of the block and masonry increases by 13%~23% and 13%~30%, respectively with the enhancement of concrete compressive strength grade, and the increase slows down gradually; and the average compressive strength formula of the block is derived. It turns out that the compressive strength formula of the masonry recommended by the Code for Design of Masonry Structures (GB 50003-2011) is not applicable for the masonry researched in this paper. The compressive strength formula of the new horizontal-hole hollow concrete block masonry was proposed.