This paper studied the mechanical properties of circular concrete-filled steel tubular (CFT) stub columns with local compression, conducted an experimental study of the local compression of 12 circular CFT stub columns and compared the influence of concrete strength grade and local compression area ratio on ultimate bearing capacity. It is found that the ultimate bearing capacity increases with the increase of concrete strength grade and the decrease of area ratio. Then, based on the reasonable material constitutive relation, it established a shell-solid 3D finite element model of circular CFT stub columns with local compression by using ABAQUS. And on the basis of the experiment verification, it explored the influence of local compression area ratio, steel ratio, and strength of steel and concrete on ultimate bearing capacity. Furthermore, this paper presented practical computational methods for the local compression bearing capacity of CFT stub columns with circular section by fitting analysis. It then compared the 47 groups of circular CFT stub columns, which combined the formula results, and calculation formula by other scholars, with the finite calculation results. The results show that the formula results are in good agreement with the experiment results.