MHB rubblization technology is widely used in the reconstruction of the old cement concrete pavement (PCC) crushing, however, the impact of vibration on the adjacent buildings and residents during the impact crushing process needs to be urgently resolved. The attenuation law of physical parameters of the pavement panel under impact load were deduced and analyzed based on elastic theory and wave theory. Relying on the field vibration monitoring test on the old PCC pavement reconstruction project of Shandong provincial highway S245, and combing with ANSYS/LS-DYNA dynamic finite element numerical simulation, the three-dimensional dynamic response under different influence factors was studied. Then, the level safety distance of rubblization adjacent buildings and the comfortability critical distance of the residents were explored. The results show that MHB rubblization belongs to impact type vibration source, whose vibration is a negative exponential curve in the form of a sharp attenuation, and the results of calculation, measurement and numerical simulation are in agreement with the attenuation trend of the curve. With increasing stroke the peak time load continuously advances. The peak vibration velocity of 1cm/s can be used as a control index for judging the safety of adjacent building. When the hammer drop height is 0.8 m, 1.0 m, 1.2 m respectively, the level safety distance of adjacent building is 14 m, 18 m, 20 m respectively, and the comfortability critical distance of inhabitants is 24 m, 29 m, 31 m respectively.