In order to investigate the applicability of reactive powder concrete (RPC) and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) in long span cable-stayed bridges, two cable-stayed bridges with the same span-length, 1100m, are designed for comparison. One is composed of steel stay cables, steel main girder, and ordinary concrete tower, while the other is composed of CFRP cable, RPC main girder and RPC tower. Dynamic properties and wind-resistant performances of the two schemes are analyzed and compared by using the finite element method. The results show that the two schemes show insignificant differences in fundamental natural frequencies, but the flutter stabilities for the RPC girder of the bridge with CFRP cable, RPC main girder and RPC tower is improved. The buffeting response displacement can be much reduced when the RPC girder and CFRP stay cables are employed. Natural frequencies of CFRP cables reach as high as 2 times of those of the steel cables. Compared with the steel cable, the vortex-induced vibrating amplitude of CFRP cables increases. However, the amplitudes of both schemes are very small, and hence they could have no effects on the structural safety. Rain-wind vibration amplitudes of CFRP cables can be as low as half of those of the steel cables. Moreover, critical wind speeds of the former are higher than the latter. In general, as far as the wind-resistant performance is concerned, RPC and CFRP can have an advantage over the traditional 3409 steel material in applications to long span cable-stayed bridges. In view of this point, it is feasible to apply high-performance materials, RPC and CFRP, to long span cable-stayed bridges.