Based on the measured stress response of 4 kinds of asphalt pavement structures, the relationship between the driving speed and the load response duration under different depths was systematically studied. The results show that the effective length of the impact of the traffic load along the route direction has a peak at the speed of about 20km/h. There is a significant nonlinear relationship between the duration of the stress response in the asphalt structure and the speed and depth of the traffic. Through the nonlinear data fitting, the relationship between the load time and the load velocity and the structural depth when the driving speed is greater than 20km/h was obtained. The formula has clear meaning, and the fitting accuracy is greatly improved compared with the existing theoretical methods. The relationship between the driving speed of more than 20km/h and the road load frequency was analyzed, and the relationship between the driving speed and the load frequency of different pavement depth was established, which provides a basis for the effective simulation of the driving load in the laboratory.