In order to apply the Void Growth Model (VGM) and Stress Modified Critical Strain model (SMCS) to predict the ductile fracture of Chinese structural aluminum alloys, uniaxial tensile tests on aluminum alloy 6061-T6, 6082-T6 and 7020-T6 were carried out, including smooth round bar specimens and notched round bar specimens. Besides, finite element analyses were conducted to calibrate the toughness parameters of three brands of aluminum alloys. The results show that the radius of the notch has slight influence on the toughness parameters of aluminum alloys, and the dispersion coefficients are all within 20%. It is indicated that the toughness parameter is an inherent attribute of the aluminum alloy material, and it can be used to predict the ductile fracture of Chinese structural aluminum alloys under various stress states. Compared with the SMCS model, the VGM model can predict the ductile fracture of aluminum alloys more accurately.