In order to study the influence of steel pipe distribution on the seismic performance of steel pipe multi- ribbed insulation composite shear walls，four assembled steel tube multi-ribbed thermal insulation composite shear walls with a scale ratio of 1 ∶ 2 were designed and manufactured. The failure modes and modes，bearing capacity，hysteretic characteristics，skeleton curve，stiffness degradation，deformation and energy dissipation of the walls were studied and analyzed through the axial compression test of one wall and the low-cycle reciprocating load test of three walls. The test results show that the compressive capacity of multi-ribbed composite shear wall under vertical load is significantly increased due to the arrangement of steel tubes in the rib column；for multi-ribbed composite shear wall under low cyclic load，the main failure mode is shear failure，and the failure is basically in accordance with the order of “filling block-rib-frame column”，which is compound with common steel ribs. Compared with the composite wall，the shear capacity of the steel tube multi-ribbed insulation composite wall is increased by 112%，and it has good assembled multi-ribbed composite slab，which provides a theoretical basis for the application of multi-ribbed deformation capacity and energy dissipation performance. The experimental study perfects the structure system of composite slab structure in high-rise residential buildings.