The one-point loading test was used to study the in-plane shear behavior of carbon textile reinforced mortar (CTRM) plate. The carbon textile layers and steel fiber content were used as the parameters to study the mechanical properties of the CTRM plate. The test results show that with the increase of the number of textile layers, the oblique section crack load, ultimate load, stiffness before cracking and stiffness after cracking of the specimens are significantly improved. Steel fiber content can effectively increase the oblique section bearing capacity, oblique section crack load and ultimate load of the specimens, and can effectively improve the interface performance between carbon textile and mortar, which can reduce the degree of peeling damage between carbon textile and mortar. Finally, a calculation method for the in-plane shear capacity of the CTRM plate is proposed.