To understand the compressive behaviors of the masonry columns strengthened with textile-reinforced highly ductile concrete （TRHDC）， the compression tests of 8 sets of masonry columns were carried out. The influence of different reinforcement methods， eccentricity， type of textiles， and the number of textile layers on retrofitting effectiveness was investigated based on the failure modes， load-bearing capacity， and transverse tensile strain of the strengthening layer. The results showed that the TRHDC jacket improved the integrity of masonry columns and their brittle failure. Moreover， the compressive strength of masonry columns was enhanced with the increase of glass fiber textile layers. The lateral confinement of carbon fiber TRHDC was greater than that of glass fiber TRHDC due to the high tensile strength and elastic modulus of carbon fiber textiles. Besides， the confinement effect of TRHDC was weakened by eccentricity. The analytical models were available in the literature， and codes were evaluated based on the predicting the compressive strength and corresponding axial strains of masonry columns strengthened with TRHDC. The predicted values have good agreement with the experimental results.