To resolve the durability issues of reinforced concrete structures in the marine environment and island construction， and promote the effective utilization of seawater and sea sand resources， this study investigated the compressive performance of seawater sea sand concrete （SSC） short columns reinforced with basalt fiber reinforced polymer （BFRP） bars through axial compression tests. The influence of longitudinal reinforcement ratio and spiral spacing on the axial compression properties of the specimens was investigated. The results show that the BFRP bars reinforced SSC （BFRP-SSC） short columns fail due to crushing of the concrete followed by fracture of the spirals in the loading process， which is a relatively brittle failure mode. Increasing the longitudinal reinforcement ratio can enhance the ultimate bearing capacity of the specimens， while the influence of the spiral reinforcement ratio on the ultimate bearing capacity is not obvious. And the ductility of the specimens can be increased by reducing the spiral spacing. The calculation methods of bearing capacity of fiber-reinforced polymer （FRP） bars reinforced concrete columns in domestic and international research were compared， and the calculation of bearing capacity of BFRP-SSC short columns should consider the contribution of BFRP longitudinal reinforcement. This study can serve as a data support and theoretical basis for the design and application of BFRP-SSC short columns.