Aiming at the problem that the unreasonable design of the traditional Heated Kang leads to uneven surface temperature， worse thermal comfort， and low thermal efficiency， a heterogeneous design method for traditional Heated Kang was proposed in this study. Meanwhile， in order to better reveal the design principle of this new Heated Kang and analyze its thermal equilibrium and thermal comfort， the influence of the vertical hole rate （VHR——the proportion of the vertical hole area to the overall area of Heated Kang）， the thickness of the heat storage layer， the temperature of the inlet flue gas， and inlet and outlet positions of Heated Kang on the thermal uniformity and thermal comfort were investigated by CFD. The results showed that the combination with the vertical hole rate of 83%， the thickness of the heat storage layer of 80-50-20 mm （80 mm in Zone Ⅰ， 50mm in Zone Ⅱ， and 20 mm in Zone Ⅲ）， the inlet flue gas temperature of 275℃， the inlet and outlet positions in the form of turn-around is optimum ones. A uniform Kang surface temperature can be obtained with a standard deviation of 5.6 ℃ and a higher average temperature of 36.4 ℃. Additionally， the surface heat balance of the Heated Kang is significantly improved by 50% by adopting the heterogeneous design method of the internal structure. The design of the turn-around not only makes the temperature of the Kang surface more uniform but also increases the temperature of the Kang tail by 9.1℃. This work provides a new idea for the energy-saving design and improvement of thermal efficiency of traditional Heating Kang and has important reference value for the further research and development of Heating Kang.