Passive battered piles are mostly applied in the supporting engineering of the excavation foundation pit but are rarely used in the anti-skid engineering of filling bodies ， and the engineering character is not yet clear. To analyze the mechanical deformation characteristics of passive battered piles under lateral surcharge， based on the strain wedge model （SW model） and combined with the Boussinesq solution， this paper establishes the deflection differential equation of passive battered piles under lateral surcharge， derives the finite difference solution of the corresponding internal force and lateral displacement of the piles， and then verifies the effectiveness of this method by comparing the results of field tests and indoor model tests. The results show that under the same surcharge， the top lateral displacement and the bending moment of the straight pile are the largest， followed by the positive battered pile， and the negative battered pile is the smallest. The top lateral displacement and the bending moment of the positive and negative battered pile decrease with the inclination angle increase. Under lateral surcharge， the battered pile undergoes “translating and rotating”. Within the range of conventional pile body inclination angle （≤20°）， the pile at the foot of the slope set as a negatively battered pile with a larger inclination angle towards the center of the pile load can achieve a better engineering effect.